Terminologia

Blender at Wikipedia.

Modelling

• 3D modeling
• Polygonal modeling
• Box modelling
• Polygon mesh 
• Triangle mesh 
• Edge loop 
• Subdivision surface
• Metaballs
• Bezier curve
• Nonuniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS)
• Constructive Solid Geometry
• Low Poly
• Digital Sculpting
• Retopologizing

 

Shading

• Shading 
• Shader 
• Phong shading 
• Gouraud shading 
• Specular highlight 
• Cel-shaded 
• Blinn and Phong shading model 
• Anisotropic shading

 

Rendering

• 3D rendering
• Ray tracing  
• Z-buffer 
• Boundary representation

Mapping

• Texture mapping
• Bump mapping 
• Displacement mapping
• UV Mapping

Illumination

• Global illumination
• Caustic_(optics)
• A look at caustics

Hardware

• Graphics card
• GPU—Graphics Processing Unit
• CPU—Central Processing Unit
• Open CL
• CUDA